MySQL is a very popular system for storing data. Websites use it to hold usernames, passwords, and shop items. If a database is not set up correctly, bad actors can peek inside. Security workers use these same steps to fix holes and keep data safe. Finding the Target
SELECT LOAD_FILE('/etc/passwd'); SELECT LOAD_FILE('C:\\Windows\\win.ini');
Execute the following standard SQL queries to orient yourself:
Keep the MySQL server and the underlying operating system patched against known vulnerabilities (CVEs). mysql hacktricks verified
Old software has known bugs. Finding the exact version number helps you know if the system is weak. Connecting and Testing Logins
If you have FILE and know the web root, you can write a webshell (provided secure_file_priv is not set to a restricted directory).
' AND SLEEP(5) --
-- Read SSH keys (if MySQL running as root — rare but possible) SELECT LOAD_FILE('/root/.ssh/id_rsa');
Related search suggestions: I will provide suggested search terms to explore specific techniques.
If you get inside, you want to see how the system is built. You run quick commands to learn about the environment. MySQL is a very popular system for storing data
The HackTricks methodology is proven in real-world environments like Hack The Box. The "Sequel" machine serves as a perfect case study. A simple Nmap scan reveals the open port 3306. The next step is to attempt a connection using default credentials:
The compiled shared object file must be placed inside the official MySQL plugin directory. Find this path using: SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'plugin_dir'; Use code with caution.
: Bind MySQL to 127.0.0.1 in your config file ( bind-address = 127.0.0.1 ) if external network connectivity is unnecessary. Security workers use these same steps to fix
To mitigate the risks identified by these verified HackTricks:
If the database user has high permissions, they can read files on the main computer. The command LOAD_FILE() can bring secret system files onto the screen. Staying Safe and Securing MySQL